Here are step by step instructions that you can enter from a terminal window:
export GOROOT=/home/your-name/hg
export GOOS=linux
export GOARCH=386
(or amd64 or arm)
mkdir /home/yourname/bin
chmod 777 /home/yourname/bin
export GOBIN=/home/yourname/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/home/yourname/bin
env|grep '^GO'
sudo apt-get install mercurial
hg clone -r release https://go.googlecode.com/hg/ $GOROOT
sudo apt-get install bison gcc libc6-dev ed
./all.bash
That's it, now you have installed GO on your Ubuntu system.